国产性做久久久久久-国产性视频-国产性色视频-国产性片在线观看-午夜dj影院在线视频观看完整-午夜dj影院在线观看完整版

　　1 BIAD ART CENTER 北京市建筑設計研究院藝術中心

　　由建筑師、空間藝術家朱小地主持創立的“北京市建筑設計研究院藝術中心”長期關注城市規劃與建設過程中政府角色的轉變與公眾參與的可能性，因而將公共空間作為城市研究的重要對象，致力于通過公共空間的營造，在公共與個人之間建立起新的利益平衡，形成動態規劃理論。在北京舊城保護與更新的領域，提出開發地下公共空間的設想，解決歷史街區市政資源嚴重不足的現狀，從而構建新型的、有機更新的模式。

　　Founded by architect and artist Zhu Xiaodi, the BIAD Art Center follows the change of the government's role in urban planning and development and the possibility of public participation. Mr. Zhu indicates that communal space is the key to balancing public and private welfare. To protect and update the old city of Beijing, he proposes to develop underground communal space, which provide an imperative urban infrastructure, and build a new organic updated model according to dynamic urban planning.

朱小地先生

　　“民有化”——北京舊城文化復興的起點

　　北京舊城保護應該從歷史街區實體保護轉向文化整體保護，不僅包括對街巷、院落和建筑的保護，更重要的是讓老北京人有更多可能性，繼續生存在原環境、并保持與外界的有序流動。這是維系和發展文化的必要條件。

　　現實情況是原住民，無論其居住房產屬于直管公房、單位公房還是私有住房，都被現行拆遷政策引導到必須離開原住地的方向，以至于沒有人關心住房的現狀和未來。

　　因此，北京舊城亟待實現住房“民有化”，讓原住民獲得現住房，喚起其對自宅和環境的熱愛，進而激發其參與城市更新的積極性，擺脫政府與拆遷戶對立的局面。

　　“民有化”概念的提出，旨在明確原住民與房屋的產權關系，政府從過去的拆遷方轉變為城市公共資源的提供者。這不僅實現了政府角色的正向轉變，而且使原住民成為了決定自己未來的主人，在舊城更新過程中獲益，并自主選擇在城市中的生活方式。

　　“Privatization”/”Civic owned” – The start of cultural renaissance of Beijing old city

　　The main goal of historic preservation of Beijing old city should be shifted from historic sites restoration to overall culture inheritance. The preservation should not be only about reorganizing the urban fabrics and repairing traditional yards accordingly, but also providing more opportunities for local citizens. Encouraging the local citizens to stay in their original dwelling place and keep interacted with other new districts of the city is a necessary premise of cultural inheritance.

　　According to the related policies of refurbishment and demolition, no matter the property right of those historic yards belongs to government, companies or citizens, the residents there are encouraged to move out. Thus, no one cares about the conditions of these buildings, which leads local residents’ living condition into an embarrassing status.

　　Therefore, properties in Beijing old city need to be transformed into a new type – ‘Civic Owned’, urgently. This proposal allows local residents to obtain the property right of their own houses, arousing their enthusiasm to improve the living conditions and neighborhood environment. Furthermore, it also encourages people to participate in the urban refurbishment spontaneously, avoiding unnecessary conflicts between citizens and the government.

　　This proposal of ‘Civic Owned’ aims to guarantee that local residents have the ownership of their houses. The government turns into the provider of urban public resource instead of demolishing department. ‘Civic Owned’ helps government to play a positive role in the development of Beijing old city. In addition, local residents could become the decision makers of their own life. In the future, they will constantly obtain benefits from the development of old city and have opportunities to satisfy their own living preference.