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八問2015年米蘭世博會中國館主持建筑師陸軼辰

來源:古德設計網 時間:2015-05-25 11:01:08 [報告錯誤]  [收藏]  [打印]

核心提示:陸軼辰:最遺憾的就是時間。一個項目要有很好的完成度,有三個重要的基礎:設計、時間、造價。

  【記者】項目在建成過程中,是否有沒有完全達到您的要求的遺憾,其中有什么樣的故事嗎?

  During the final completion of the project, was there any regret for you that it didn’t reach your expectations? Any stories of it?

  【陸軼辰】 最遺憾的就是時間。一個項目要有很好的完成度,有三個重要的基礎:設計、時間、造價。這個項目最大的特點就是它從定總包到建設完成,只有7個月的時間。建筑師是個很辛苦的職業,造價不夠、時間不夠,最后被妥協的往往都是設計--但在這里,我們可以這么說,整個建筑在設計層面上幾乎沒有任何妥協,都堅持住了。

  到了最后趕進度的時候,建筑、結構、屋面、室內、機電、展陳都是同時進場,交叉施工。4000平米的建筑,120多工人(大多數是意大利人)。我和蔡沁文滿場跑,控制一些對整體質量有影響的細節,我們倆有語言優勢,意大利人也信服我們,很多情況下經過溝通之后他們就理解我們,幫我們修改了。到了施工的最后幾天,任何施工的差錯發生了就不能再調整,這個時候我們要做的就是預判問題,在意大利工人犯錯之前就過去糾正,很解決問題。

  【蔡沁文】 沒百分之百達到預期的遺憾肯定有。要讓建筑所有的細節都達到預期,圖紙上的細節永遠都不夠,肯定要再多付出一些確保最終的質量。這就是我們為什么一呆幾個月。基本上建筑師的思維方式是習慣了一遍一遍找最好的做法,施工方則因為工期和造價的壓力傾向于簡化,雙方會為了一個細節怎么做而爭執。這種情況下最好建筑師有工程層面的解決方法;如果不是你的專業范疇你沒有解決辦法,那就要明確的溝通想要什么,不想要什么。建筑師和施工方這種帶張力的合作是行業的特點。我很欣慰的看到我們和我們的“對手”彼此尊重,有時候還互相幫助,往往能找到彼此都能接受的解決辦法。

  【陸軼辰】 到開館的前一個月,我們真的是入魔了,沉在細節里不肯出來,不滿足。直到開館那天,看到那么多游客在中國館里,突然一下子如釋負重了,我們的注意力被吸引到了人們怎么用這個房子上去了。

  【陸軼辰】 The biggest regret is time. For one project to reach a good level of completion, there are three fundamental things: design, schedule and budget. The characteristic thing of the project is that it only had seven months between the appointment of the general contractor and the final completion. It’s a hard job to be an architect; when there isn’t enough budget or time, the design is always what’s being compromised. But here, we can say this, there’s almost no compromise in the architectural design. We held up everything.

  When it was getting close to the deadline, the workers of architecture, structure, roof, interior, mechanical and exhibition were all working at the same time. There were 120 workers (most of them were Italian) working in the building of 4,000 square meters. My colleague Qinwen and I were running across the site to control the details that actually had greater impact on the overall quality. We had language advantage and somehow the trust from the Italians. In many cases they understood us and would correct the errors for us. But during the last a few days, none of the errors could be corrected. At that time what we had to do was to foresee the possible mistake and point it out before the workers made it. It was effective.

  【蔡沁文】 There were definitely some regrets. Basically architects are used to doing something over and over to find the best way while most contractors tend to simplify things because of the pressure of schedule and cost, so often there would be a disagreement about how to make one single detail. The best thing is that the architect has a solution; if you don’t have it because it’s not your expertise, it’s important to clearly communicate what you want and what you don’t. The tension between the architect and the contractor is always one of the characters of this profession. Gladly in most cases our ‘opponents’ and us respected even helped each other to find the solutions both could accept.

  【陸軼辰】 One month before the opening of the pavilion, we were obsessed in all the detail problems and still unsatisfied. On the opening day, we were suddenly released when we saw that many visitors inside the China pavilion because we were attracted by how people would use the building.

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